{"id":3762,"date":"2019-12-31T11:48:30","date_gmt":"2019-12-31T08:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sozbizde.com\/?p=3762"},"modified":"2019-12-31T11:48:30","modified_gmt":"2019-12-31T08:48:30","slug":"yazili-basinda-yaprak-dokumu-devam-etti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/2019\/12\/31\/yazili-basinda-yaprak-dokumu-devam-etti\/","title":{"rendered":"YAZILI BASINDA YAPRAK D\u00d6K\u00dcM\u00dc DEVAM ETT\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda en az 100 gazete kapand\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bir\u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rde oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da 2019 y\u0131l\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc ge\u00e7ti. Son 17 y\u0131ld\u0131r \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi veren T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7in 2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finden itibaren ekonomik kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ayakta kalma m\u00fccadelesi de ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu m\u00fccadele sonucunda kimi gazeteler sallanarak da olsa ayakta kalabilirken, bir\u00e7o\u011fu da kap\u0131s\u0131na kilit vurdu. CHP \u0130zmir Milletvekili Atila Sertel, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fananlar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131ndaki krizi aktard\u0131.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dclke ekonomisindeki k\u00f6t\u00fc gidi\u015fat ve d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k; gazete ve kitap bas\u0131m\u0131 yapan yay\u0131nevlerini ya\u015fayamaz hale getirirken, bas\u0131n ve medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 da kapanma noktas\u0131na getirdi. B\u00fcy\u00fck medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131na ait baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n gazeteler kapan\u0131rken, \u00e7ok say\u0131da yerel gazete de bask\u0131ya son verdi. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda Resmi \u0130lan hakk\u0131 bulunan g\u00fcnl\u00fck gazetelerin 100\u2019den fazlas\u0131 kapand\u0131. Yerel gazetelerin asgari 10 ki\u015fiyle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde i\u015fsiz gazeteciler ordusuna bin ki\u015fi daha eklendi.<\/p>\n

2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7eyre\u011finde ba\u015flayan d\u00f6vizdeki y\u00fcksek dalgalanmalar, gazete ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131nda d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 derinden sarst\u0131. Gazeteler, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t krizine y\u00f6nelik olarak; kadroda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeye giderken, bir\u00e7o\u011fu sayfa say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc ve renksiz \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yine \u00e7o\u011fu dergi yay\u0131na ara verirken pek \u00e7ok gazete de zamland\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeye y\u00f6nelik b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6nlemlere ra\u011fmen il ve il\u00e7e merkezlerinde uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r yay\u0131n yapan, resmi ilan hakk\u0131na sahip 100\u2019den fazla g\u00fcnl\u00fck gazete kap\u0131s\u0131na kilit vurdu.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) \u0130zmir Milletvekili Atila Sertel, T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan 2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirdi. 2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 gazete ve gazeteciler i\u00e7in \u201ckara bir y\u0131l\u201d olarak nitelendiren Atila Sertel, \u201cT\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n son 17 y\u0131ld\u0131r verdi\u011fi \u2018bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019 m\u00fccadelesine ekonomik y\u00f6nden ayakta kalma m\u00fccadelesi de eklendi. Ekonomik kriz nedeniyle Habert\u00fcrk, Vatan, G\u00fcne\u015f, Star gibi yayg\u0131n gazetelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Bal\u0131kesir\u2019de 52 y\u0131ld\u0131r yay\u0131mlanan Yeni Haber Gazetesi gibi uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7ok say\u0131da gazete kapand\u0131. Resmi ilanlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda iktidar\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 da kullanan yayg\u0131n gazetelerin kapanmas\u0131 krizin boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 iyice ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

MUHAL\u0130FLERE G\u00d6ZDA\u011eI<\/strong><\/p>\n

2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcnlerinde ya\u015fanan S\u00f6zc\u00fc Gazetesi\u2019nin deneyimli isimlerine verilen hapis cezalar\u0131n\u0131n ve Bas\u0131n \u0130lan Kurumu\u2019nun Cumhuriyet ile Birg\u00fcn gazetelerine resmi ilan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 durdurma kararlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu son 17 y\u0131l\u0131n \u00f6zeti niteli\u011finde oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen CHP \u0130zmir Milletvekili Atila Sertel, ad\u0131nda \u201cAk\u201d olan partinin b\u00fct\u00fcn icraatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u201ckara\u201d oldu\u011funu dile getirdi. CHP Milletvekili Sertel, demokrasinin olmazsa olmaz\u0131 bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn CHP iktidar\u0131nda t\u00fcm kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131yla i\u015fletilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi\u2019nin gazeteci k\u00f6kenli Milletvekili Atila Sertel, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131nda ya\u015fananlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetledi:<\/p>\n

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D\u00d6RT GAZETEC\u0130DEN B\u0130R\u0130 \u0130\u015eS\u0130Z<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yerel bas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na de\u011finmeden \u00f6nce \u00fclkemizdeki genel durumunu \u00f6zetlemekte fayda var. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Resmi ilan yay\u0131nlama hakk\u0131na sahip, Bas\u0131n \u0130lan Kurumu\u2019nun g\u00f6rev alal\u0131nda 32\u2019si yayg\u0131n, 10\u2019u b\u00f6lgesel, 642\u2019si de yerel olmak \u00fczere 684 gazete; Valiliklerin g\u00f6rev alan\u0131nda ise 422 yerel gazete olmak \u00fczere toplamda 1106 gazete mevcut.<\/p>\n

Bu gazetelerin asgari kadrolar\u0131nda h\u00e2len 7 bin 593’\u00fc fikir i\u015f\u00e7isi olmak \u00fczere, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m, bask\u0131, b\u00fcro i\u015f\u00e7ileriyle birlikte yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 binden fazla ki\u015fi istihdam ediliyor.<\/p>\n

15 Temmuz darbe giri\u015fimi sonras\u0131nda ise 119 bas\u0131n yay\u0131n kurulu\u015fu kapat\u0131l\u0131rken son 5 y\u0131lda 3 bin 804 gazetecinin bas\u0131n kart\u0131 iptal edildi.<\/p>\n

Bas\u0131n sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde kapat\u0131lan ve kapanan yay\u0131n organlar\u0131 nedeniyle i\u015fsizlik y\u00fczde 30\u2019a ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, son 10 y\u0131lda i\u015fsiz kalan gazeteci say\u0131s\u0131 10 bini a\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Gazetecilik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc mezunlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 2016\u2019da y\u00fczde 19,2, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise y\u00fczde 19,1 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. T\u00dc\u0130K mesleklere g\u00f6re i\u015fsizlik g\u00fcncel verilerine g\u00f6re 2018 g\u00fcncel verilerine g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 25 oranla gazetecilikteki i\u015fsizlik rekor d\u00fczeydedir. Bu orana gazeteci oldu\u011fu halde ba\u015fka bir alanda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 da ekledi\u011fimizde mesle\u011fini yapamayan ve i\u015fsiz olan gazeteci say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek boyutlara ula\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6te yandan yazd\u0131klar\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri nedeniyle cezaevinde bulunan 108 gazeteci de mesleklerini yapam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye Gazeteciler Sendikas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkedeki \u00fcniversitelerin gazetecilik b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden 2000-2150 aras\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenci mezun oldu. Sekt\u00f6rdeki i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131 hesaba kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mezun olan her d\u00f6rt gen\u00e7ten biri i\u015fsiz kalma tehdidi ile y\u00fcz y\u00fcze kald\u0131.<\/p>\n

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KA\u011eIT KR\u0130Z\u0130 GAZETELER\u0130 VURDU<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekonomide ya\u015fanan k\u00f6t\u00fc gidi\u015fat ve d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k; gazete ve kitap bas\u0131m\u0131 yapan yay\u0131nevlerini ya\u015fayamaz hale getirirken, bas\u0131n ve medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 da kapanma noktas\u0131na getirdi. B\u00fcy\u00fck medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131na ait baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n gazeteler kapan\u0131rken, \u00e7ok say\u0131da yerel gazete de bask\u0131ya son verdi. K\u00e2\u011f\u0131t krizine y\u00f6nelik olarak; sayfa say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltma, sayfa y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerini k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme, kadro say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltma ve gazete sat\u0131\u015f adedini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye y\u00f6nelik kararlar ald\u0131. Zor g\u00fcnler ge\u00e7iren yerel gazeteler, kadroda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmeye giderken, bir\u00e7o\u011fu sayfa say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc ve renksiz \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yine \u00e7o\u011fu dergi yay\u0131na ara verirken pek \u00e7ok gazete de zamland\u0131.<\/p>\n

2017\u2019de tonu 750 Avro olan k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131n 900 Avro\u2019ya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, ithal k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t 5\u2019te 3 azald\u0131. Yay\u0131nc\u0131 maliyeti y\u00fczde 60 artt\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sadece birinci hamur k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t \u00fcretilmekte, bu \u00fcretim de pazar\u0131n y\u00fczde 3\u2019\u00fcne denk gelmektedir. Gazete ile kitap ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131 ithal ediliyor. Sekt\u00f6r temsilcileri ka\u011f\u0131tta d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yerini mutlaka yerli \u00fcretime b\u0131rakmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

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SETA VAKFI GAZETEC\u0130LER\u0130 F\u0130\u015eLED\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Toplum Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Vakf\u0131 (SETA), yeni yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Medya Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye Uzant\u0131lar\u0131\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporda, yabanc\u0131 bas\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e servislerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gazetecileri hedef ald\u0131. Raporda, gazeteciler \u00f6zge\u00e7mi\u015fleriyle tek tek listelenerek, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 retweet\u2019ler ve daha \u00f6nce hangi gazetelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 rapor \u015feklinde Temmuz 2019 tarihinde kamuoyuyla payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Raporda \u00f6zellikle uluslararas\u0131 yay\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye faaliyetlerine ve bu kurumlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gazetecilere yer verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Voice of America (VOA) yan\u0131 s\u0131ra BBC, Deutche Welle, Euronews, Sputnik, CRJ ve The Independent\u2019in kurumlar\u0131 yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Raporda, s\u00f6z konusu kurulu\u015flarca yap\u0131lan haberler k\u0131saca ele al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra g\u00f6revli gazeteciler hakk\u0131nda isim isim ge\u00e7mi\u015fte hangi medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bilgileri (eksiklikler ile) verilerek, Twitter\u2019daki sosyal medya payla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131yla ilgili \u201ch\u00fck\u00fcmet kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131\u201d veya \u201ch\u00fck\u00fcmete ele\u015ftirel\u201d gibi yorumlar s\u0131raland\u0131. Rapora gazetecilerden ve bas\u0131n meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinden \u00e7ok say\u0131da tepki geldi. T\u00fcrkiye Gazeteciler Sendikas\u0131 raporu haz\u0131rlayanlar hakk\u0131nda su\u00e7 duyurusunda bulundu.<\/p>\n

SETA Raporu\u2019nda fi\u015flenen gazetecilerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle: \u201cMahfi E\u011filmez, Fehim Ta\u015ftekin, Nev\u015fin Meng\u00fc, Banu G\u00fcven, B\u00fclent Mumay, Zafer Arapkirli, Yavuz O\u011fhan, Ahu \u00d6zyurt, \u0130smail Saymaz, Akif Beki, H\u00fclya Polat, Serdar Cebe, Mahir Boztepe, Ceyda Karan, Rengin Arslan, Tu\u011f\u00e7e Akka\u015f, Can Atakl\u0131, Nevzat \u00c7i\u00e7ek, Fuat Keyman.\u201d<\/p>\n

KAPANMALAR ARTARAK DEVAM ETT\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00f6vizdeki sert dalgalanma ve art\u0131\u015flarla birlikte 2018 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren hissedilen ekonomik kriz, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda da devam etti. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te gazeteler bas\u0131n ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra iki ciddi krizle daha u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131: Ka\u011f\u0131t ve ekonomi. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu nedenlerden dolay\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 bas\u0131ndaki yaprak d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc devam etti. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin hemen her ilinde resmi ilan hakk\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen en az iki gazete kapand\u0131.<\/p>\n

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