{"id":40418,"date":"2022-05-09T06:00:45","date_gmt":"2022-05-09T03:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sozbizde.com\/?p=40418"},"modified":"2022-05-09T15:05:39","modified_gmt":"2022-05-09T12:05:39","slug":"40418","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/2022\/05\/09\/40418\/","title":{"rendered":"GER\u00c7EK VE DO\u011eRU KAVRAMLARI \u00dcZER\u0130NE"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Halil URGAN<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“Ger\u00e7ek” ve “do\u011fru” s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin s\u00f6zl\u00fcklerdeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6z att\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda asl\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 kavramlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ama yer yer anlam geni\u015flemesi yoluyla birbiri yerine de kullan\u0131labildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ger\u00e7ek” dedi\u011fimizde ilk anlam, “yalan olmayan, do\u011fru olan \u015fey, hakikat”<\/em> olarak verilmi\u015f TDK s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Do\u011fru”<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk anlam\u0131 ise “bir ucundan \u00f6b\u00fcr ucuna kadar y\u00f6n\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fmeyen, e\u011fri ve \u00e7arp\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131”<\/em> bi\u00e7iminde.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burada ilk anlamlar birbirine olduk\u00e7a mesafeli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ama “Siz onlara inanmay\u0131n. Ben size do\u011fruyu anlat\u0131yorum.” dedi\u011fimizde iki kavram birbiriyle y\u00fczde y\u00fcz \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f oluyor; do\u011fru=ger\u00e7ek oluyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ama ben bu yaz\u0131da bu iki kavrama biraz Haliletos’\u00e7u felsefe kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak yakla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131l\u0131rsa ger\u00e7ek ne kadar nesnelse do\u011fru o kadar \u00f6znel oluyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda ikisi aras\u0131nda yine bir ili\u015fki var ama bire bir \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor iki kavram.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6nce “ger\u00e7ek” <\/em>kavram\u0131ndan ba\u015flayay\u0131m. Ger\u00e7ek, olan\u0131n yorumsuz alg\u0131lan\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek, duyu organlar\u0131 ile alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her \u015feydir. Fiziksel, kimyasal, biyolojik, toplumsal, bireysel\u2026 do\u011fada bir var olu\u015fu kar\u015f\u0131layan her \u015fey “ger\u00e7ek”tir. Sadece somut \u00e2lemin de\u011fil, i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n \u00fcretimi olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler, duygular da ger\u00e7ektir.\u00a0 Hayallerimiz, ac\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z, sevin\u00e7lerimiz, umutlar\u0131m\u0131z, \u00f6fkelerimiz, sevgilerimiz, k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z birer ger\u00e7ektir. Ger\u00e7ek, olup bitenle, hissedilenle, ya\u015fananla bire bir \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ger\u00e7ek, ondan ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 oranda yar\u0131-ger\u00e7ek, ondan t\u00fcm\u00fcyle koptu\u011funda ise yaland\u0131r, sahtedir ama yalan’\u0131n ve sahtenin kendisi de bir ger\u00e7ektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc vard\u0131r, taraf\u0131n\u0131zdan var edilmi\u015ftir. Ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k anlam\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek her zaman ge\u00e7erlidir, onun de\u011fi\u015fik nedenlerle ifade edili\u015finde yalanc\u0131l\u0131k, sahtecilik s\u00f6z konusu olabilir ki bunlar da kendi varolu\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda birer ger\u00e7ektir. \u0130ronik bir s\u00f6ylemle birine \u015f\u00f6yle diyebiliriz: “Sen ger\u00e7ekten de yalan s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorsun.” Ya da \u015f\u00fcphelenip kuyumcuya g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz bir ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 i\u00e7in “Ger\u00e7ekten de sahteymi\u015f.” c\u00fcmlesini kurabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Do\u011fru” ise bizim ger\u00e7e\u011fi yorumlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki iki kar\u015f\u0131t kutuptan biridir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yani ayn\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fe bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz, tatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, i\u015fitti\u011fimiz, dokundu\u011fumuz, koklad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, hissetti\u011fimiz “ger\u00e7e\u011fin zihinsel alanda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan bir onama-reddetme, be\u011fenme-be\u011fenmeme, yanda\u015f olma-kar\u015f\u0131 olma” h\u00e2lidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

“Her \u015fey de\u011fi\u015fir.” ger\u00e7e\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 da herkesin fiziksel, biyolojik ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel evrimi i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fip durmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu “de\u011fi\u015fim” s\u00fcre\u00e7leri sizin “do\u011fru”lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. Kimilerine daha s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 ba\u011flanman\u0131za da yol a\u00e7abilir. Her iki durumda da ger\u00e7ek ayn\u0131 ger\u00e7ektir ama sizin do\u011frunuz yanl\u0131\u015fa, yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z do\u011fruya yerini b\u0131rakabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Biz neresinden bakarsak bakal\u0131m, ne niyetle bakarsak bakal\u0131m ger\u00e7ek an itibariyle ayn\u0131d\u0131r ama ayn\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fe iki, \u00fc\u00e7, be\u015f, on\u2026 ki\u015finin bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131 olabilir. Bu, ki\u015finin “do\u011fru”sudur. Ayn\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f birine g\u00f6re “do\u011fru” bir ba\u015fkas\u0131na g\u00f6re “yanl\u0131\u015f” olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ayn\u0131 “ger\u00e7ek” ki\u015fi sizin ona bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re “en do\u011fru” ki\u015fi de olabilir “en yanl\u0131\u015f” ki\u015fi de.<\/span><\/p>\n

Silahlanma bir ger\u00e7ektir ama sizin bu konudaki tutumunuza g\u00f6re “do\u011frudur” ya da “yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r”.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

“Sa\u011fc\u0131” ya da “solcu” d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fclkenin siyasal yap\u0131s\u0131na ya da sizin siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenize g\u00f6re “do\u011fru” ya da “yanl\u0131\u015f” olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar “demokrasinin” ya da “sosyalizmin” m\u00fckemmel \u00f6rne\u011fi, \u00f6nderi, uygulamas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz \u00fclke, ki\u015fi, yer\u2026 bug\u00fcn sizin i\u00e7in o g\u00fcnlerde bile pek \u00e7ok yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011fr\u0131nda bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir ki\u015fi, uygulama vb. olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zaman, hi\u00e7bir ger\u00e7e\u011fi de\u011fi\u015ftirmez ama sizin ayn\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fe y\u00f6nelik do\u011frunuzu de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir, peki\u015ftirebilir, sorgulatabilir, tam tersine d\u00fcn\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir militan devrimcilikten bir liberal burjuva ayd\u0131n\u0131na, milliyet\u00e7i-fa\u015fist bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn imanl\u0131 militan\u0131 iken sol bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin tutkulu yanda\u015f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n

27 May\u0131s tarihin bir ger\u00e7e\u011fidir ama sizin i\u00e7in bir zamanlar T\u00fcrkiye’de demokrasinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7an bir “devrim” olarak “do\u011fru” olabilir, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re ise “ordunun sivil bir iktidar\u0131 darbe ile ala\u015fa\u011f\u0131 edip kendisinden sonraki b\u00fct\u00fcn darbelere ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olan bir darbe” olarak kesinlikle “yanl\u0131\u015f” bir hareket olabilir. Devrin ba\u015fbakan\u0131n\u0131n ve devlet adamlar\u0131n\u0131n idam edili\u015fi d\u00fcn sizin i\u00e7in “hak edilmi\u015f bir ceza” iken ve “do\u011fru bir uygulama iken bug\u00fcn “siyasal tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck trajedilerinden biri” olarak “utan\u0131las\u0131 bir yanl\u0131\u015f” olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya da Sovyet Devrimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00c7arl\u0131k ailesinin en ufa\u011f\u0131na varana kadar \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocuk t\u00fcmden imha edildi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frendi\u011finiz o gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131zda bunu “devrimin gelece\u011fini riske atmamak i\u00e7in zorunlu bir eylem” olarak do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fcrken ve vicdan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n sesini ideolojinizle sustururken bug\u00fcn ayn\u0131 ideolojiye sahip olarak bile bu t\u00fcr idam olaylar\u0131na, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n s\u0131rf ebeveynlerinin siyasal konumlar\u0131 nedeniyle “en kibar deyi\u015fle” \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmelerinin, s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn tam kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak ise “katledili\u015finin” “insani ve tarih\u00ee bir yanl\u0131\u015f, bir insanl\u0131k trajedisi” oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bilin\u00e7siz bir i\u015f\u00e7i olarak s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz ger\u00e7e\u011fi bilin\u00e7li bir i\u015f\u00e7iye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde de\u011fi\u015fmez ama birinci durumda sizin i\u00e7in “bu s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc sisteminin kader oldu\u011fu ve sonsuza dek s\u00fcrece\u011fi” d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi do\u011fru iken ikinci durumda “emek\u00e7ilerin el ele vermesi ile her t\u00fcrl\u00fc s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi” d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi do\u011fru bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce olarak eski d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenizi yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn oy verdi\u011finiz partinin sizi, \u00fclkeyi, inanc\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011finizi en \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen parti odu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi bug\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011frunuzdur. Bu partinin y\u0131llarca sizi kand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, duygular\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve iman\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, \u00fclkenin ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011fini mahvetmi\u015f bir parti oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131ktan sonraki do\u011frunuz, eski do\u011frunuzu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve isyana d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f yeni do\u011frunuz olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Daha sayfalar dolusu \u00f6rnekler verebilirim. Ama beni anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 umuyorum.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ve elbette bu yaz\u0131da \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler benim do\u011frular\u0131md\u0131r. Sizin do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ya da siz tam kar\u015f\u0131t yani benim do\u011frular\u0131m\u0131 t\u00fcmden yanl\u0131\u015f buluyor da olabilirsiniz. Ama ben, sizin do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 da okumak, i\u015fitmek isterim. Ben do\u011frular\u0131na sar\u0131lan biriyim ama onlar\u0131 Japon yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131yla kendime yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131m. Aynen korudu\u011fum, k\u0131smen de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fim ya da terk etti\u011fim do\u011frular\u0131m var.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc benim, ne yaz\u0131k ki biraz ge\u00e7 ya\u015flarda da olsa “\u00f6zg\u00fcrce d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen, empati kurabilen, irdeleyebilen, yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hi\u00e7 k\u0131v\u0131rmadan, m\u0131z\u0131klamadan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini, tutumunu de\u011fi\u015ftirebilen” bir beynim var.<\/span><\/p>\n

O beyni bana hediye eden o tap\u0131las\u0131 ger\u00e7e\u011fe, do\u011faya, bin \u015f\u00fck\u00fcrler olsun!..<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Halil URGAN “Ger\u00e7ek” ve “do\u011fru” s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin s\u00f6zl\u00fcklerdeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na g\u00f6z att\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda asl\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 kavramlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ama yer yer anlam geni\u015flemesi yoluyla birbiri yerine de kullan\u0131labildi\u011fini<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":39281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-halil-urgan","category-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40418"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40643,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40418\/revisions\/40643"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}