{"id":44395,"date":"2022-07-19T23:10:48","date_gmt":"2022-07-19T20:10:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sozbizde.com\/?p=44395"},"modified":"2022-07-19T23:22:08","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T20:22:08","slug":"44395","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/2022\/07\/19\/44395\/","title":{"rendered":"YASALAR B\u0130R BA\u015eINA TOPLUMSAL, K\u00dcLT\u00dcREL VE CO\u011eRAF\u0130 GER\u00c7EKL\u0130\u011e\u0130M\u0130Z\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130\u015eT\u0130REB\u0130L\u0130R M\u0130?"},"content":{"rendered":"

6360 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ve kent ve k\u0131rsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fimiz-2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2012 TU\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re 34.247 olan k\u00f6y say\u0131s\u0131 18.335 e d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki 17.178.953 k\u0131rsal(k\u00f6y)n\u00fcfusumuz 6360 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ile 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda 6.049.393 2022\/ocak ay\u0131nda ise 5.771.642 olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya bankas\u0131n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re 1927 de T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusunun %75,8 i k\u0131rsalda %24,2 lik k\u0131sm\u0131 il ve il\u00e7e merkezlerinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespiti \u00fclkemizdeki verilerle de \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir. D\u00fcnya bankas\u0131n\u0131n 2018 de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilerde ise kentsel alanlarda ya\u015fayan n\u00fcfusumuz %75,1 dir. (Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kentsel alanlarda ya\u015fayan n\u00fcfusu ise %73\u2019d\u00fcr.\u00d6yle ki T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kentte ya\u015fayan n\u00fcfus Avrupa\u2019da kentte ya\u015fayan n\u00fcfustan fazlad\u0131r!) 2021\/Aral\u0131k\u00a0 verilerine g\u00f6re 84.680.273 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan n\u00fcfusumuzun 78.908.631\u2019i(%93,18) \u015fehirlerde 5.771.642\u2019si(%6,82) k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015famakta oldu\u011fu, 15-64 ya\u015f aras\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir n\u00fcfusumuz 64.095.000, i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz 33.706.000, istihdam 29.927.000,i\u015fsiz n\u00fcfusumuz ise 3.780 bin olarak yay\u0131mlanan TU\u0130K\u00a0 verilerinde konumuz itibariyle dikkat etmemiz gereken \u00f6nemli unsur istihdamdaki tar\u0131m kalemidir. \u00d6nce istihdam kalemlerine, sonra tar\u0131m kalemine ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bakaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tablolarda istihdam oranlar\u0131 ve istihdamda i\u015f kollar\u0131n\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m oranlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekteyiz. \u0130nceleme alan\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131rsal ve k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz olmas\u0131 itibariyle tar\u0131m alan\u0131ndaki istihdam rakamlar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmek isterim. Tabloda g\u00f6r\u00fclece\u011fi \u00fczere Tar\u0131m istihdam\u0131m\u0131z 5.059.000 iken k\u00f6yde ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu 5.771.642 dir. Bu rakamlar k\u00f6yl\u00fc n\u00fcfusumuzun%87,65\u2019inin tar\u0131m istihdam\u0131nda oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemektedir. Ancak\u00a0 k\u00f6yl\u00fc n\u00fcfusumuzun\u00a0\u00a0 0-14 \u00e7ocuk n\u00fcfus oran\u0131 %23,7 15-64 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir %68 , 65 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc n\u00fcfus\u00a0 oran\u0131\u00a0 %8,3\u2019d\u00fcr.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla TU\u0130K verilerinden hareketle istihdam edilebilir k\u00f6y n\u00fcfusu ancak 3.924.716 olabilir. Rakamlar ortada iken tabloda g\u00f6sterilen tar\u0131m istihdam\u0131 ya da k\u00f6yl\u00fc n\u00fcfusu bilgilerinden birisi do\u011fruyu s\u00f6ylememektedir. Ayr\u0131ca tabloda g\u00f6sterilen Tar\u0131m istihdam\u0131nda yer alan kad\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan verilerinde de uyumsuzluk bulunmaktad\u0131r. Tar\u0131mda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan toplam kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 2.134.000 iken \u2026..???verilerine g\u00f6re ise tar\u0131mda \u00fccretli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 209.000, i\u015fveren kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 4.000 ,kendi hesab\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 201.000 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re 1.718.000\u00a0 kad\u0131n \u00fccretsiz aile i\u015f\u00e7isi konumundad\u0131r. \u00d6zetle tar\u0131mda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n %77\u2019si \u00fccretsiz aile i\u015f\u00e7isidir. Bu rakamlar T\u00dc\u0130K\u2019n\u0131n %7 olarak belirledi\u011fi k\u0131rsal n\u00fcfusa g\u00f6redir, do\u011frulu\u011funu sorgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z rakamlar ger\u00e7eklikten uzak oldu\u011fu kesin olmakla birlikte daha derinlemesine incelemek gerekmektedir. Verilerin ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in 2017 y\u0131l\u0131 Ordu ili k\u0131rsal\u0131nda adrese dayal\u0131 n\u00fcfus ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucunda elde edilen verilere de g\u00f6z atal\u0131m. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonucuna g\u00f6re il ve il\u00e7e merkezleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfus:273.584 , il\u00e7e merkezleri n\u00fcfusu ise 468.757 ki\u015fidir.(Yani K\u0131r n\u00fcfusu %36,85\u2019dir).2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 ordu ili k\u0131rsal n\u00fcfus:318.076 yani k\u0131r n\u00fcfusu %43 \u015fehir n\u00fcfusu %57 civar\u0131d\u0131r.2012-2017 aras\u0131ndaki 5 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde K\u00f6y n\u00fcfusu %43\u2019den %37\u2019ye gerilemi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer bir ifade ile 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ordu ilinde adrese dayal\u0131 n\u00fcfus ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda elde edilen veriler fiili durumu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermekte ve 6360 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ile bir gecede k\u00f6yl\u00fc iken kentli g\u00f6sterilen rakamlar ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131tmamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

2019 y\u0131l\u0131 D\u00fcnya bankas\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kent n\u00fcfusunun %75,1 k\u0131rsal n\u00fcfusun 24,9\u2019dur. Hem d\u00fcnya bankas\u0131n\u0131n verileri hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.\u00a0 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda 14 ilin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehir yap\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki kent n\u00fcfusumuz %77,3 olmas\u0131yla b\u00fcg\u00fcn ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z rakamlar aras\u0131ndaki fark kocaman bir H\u0130\u00c7T\u0130R. Bu durum toplumun \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc yok saymakta, verilmesi gereken hizmetlerden vaz ge\u00e7ilmesi veya \u00fccretli hale getirilmesinden ba\u015fka bir sonu\u00e7 yaratmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ger\u00e7ek k\u0131r n\u00fcfusunu ortadan kald\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortadad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

1970\u2019li y\u0131llardan sonra genel olarak t\u00fcm az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclke ekonomilerinde oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de ithal ikameci kalk\u0131nma modelinden ihracata d\u00f6n\u00fck sanayile\u015fme modeline ge\u00e7ilmesine ko\u015fut olarak az geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclke tar\u0131msal yap\u0131lar\u0131 k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f,1995\u2019den sonra uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flarla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen tar\u0131m politikas\u0131, tar\u0131msal desteklerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tar\u0131m \u00fcreticisi \u00fcretemez hale gelirken, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler tar\u0131mda deste\u011fe devam etmi\u015flerdir. \u00dcretimden kopar\u0131lan sanayi kentlerine ve turizm kentlerine yak\u0131n k\u00f6yler tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimden vaz ge\u00e7erek kent i\u015fsizler ordusuna kat\u0131lmak zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131larak kent \u00e7evrelerinde k\u0131rsal n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu olu\u015fmu\u015ftur.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sanayinin daha \u00e7ok liman, hammadde i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ve finans\u0131n bulundu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck bat\u0131 kentlerine y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle, Do\u011fu Karadeniz, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu, Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu ve k\u0131smen \u0130\u00e7 Ege k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kaderine terk edilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131rsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n yo\u011fun ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgelerde tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim girdilerin pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, hastal\u0131klar, i\u015f\u00e7i ve i\u015f\u00e7i kalitesi masraf\u0131, sulama ,iklim, y\u00fcksek kira, makine ve ekipman yetersizli\u011fi ve girdi kalitesizli\u011finden do\u011fru \u00fcretim yapamaz hale gelmesi kamunun bu sorunu g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmesi sonucunda tar\u0131msal anlamda kendine yeten T\u00fcrkiye, zamanla tar\u0131mda da ithal ikameci bir ekonomik politika uygulamak durumunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yaz\u0131n\u0131n ilerleyen b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde de g\u00f6rece\u011finiz gibi tar\u0131msal ve hayvansal \u00fcretimlere de genel bilgi ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fc olu\u015fturma ad\u0131na de\u011finece\u011fim.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

6360 say\u0131l\u0131 yasa ve kent ve k\u0131rsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fimiz-2 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2012 TU\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re 34.247 olan k\u00f6y say\u0131s\u0131 18.335 e d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, 2012 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki 17.178.953 k\u0131rsal(k\u00f6y)n\u00fcfusumuz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":44227,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1358,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sayim-ozbayrak","category-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44395"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44401,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44395\/revisions\/44401"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}