Voltaire\u2019e ait oldu\u011fu yayg\u0131n olarak s\u00f6ylenen ve pek \u00e7ok yaz\u0131da kullan\u0131lan ama baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6z\u00fc Voltaire\u2019in s\u00f6ylemedi\u011fi, bunun 1906\u2019da onun biyografisini yazan EvelynBeatriceHall\u2019un yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen bir s\u00f6z var: \u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinizin hi\u00e7birine kat\u0131lm\u0131yorum ama onlar\u0131 \u00f6zg\u00fcrce dile getirebilmeniz i\u00e7in can\u0131m\u0131 bile verebilirim.\u201d<\/p>\n
Voltaire\u2019e ait olsun olmas\u0131n bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn, \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade edebilme\u201d ba\u011flam\u0131nda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum.<\/p>\n
\u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u201d de\u011fil; o, zaten do\u011fan\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa ve belli oranlarda da olsa kimi canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerine hediyesidir; \u201cd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade edebilme\u201d \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; savunulmas\u0131 gereken budur.<\/p>\n
Bir \u00fclkedeki demokrasinin geli\u015fmi\u015flik d\u00fczeyinin turnusol k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131; bireylerin, kitle \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin, sendikalar\u0131n, siyasal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini \u00f6zg\u00fcrce dile getirerek var olmas\u0131 konusunda yasalar\u0131n ve uygulamalar\u0131n tutumudur.<\/p>\n
Elbette \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler hi\u00e7bir yerde, hi\u00e7bir toplumda s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olamaz. Bir ki\u015finin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere kadard\u0131r. Bu, do\u011fru. Ancak burada sorun eylemsel d\u00fczeydedir. Yani ben ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n can\u0131n\u0131 alma, kazanc\u0131na ya da mal\u0131na zorla el koyma, ki\u015fiyi zorla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, ki\u015fiye bedensel ya da ruhsal taciz-tecav\u00fczlerde bulunma vb. haklara sahip de\u011filim, olmamal\u0131y\u0131m. Ancak benim, mevcut siyasal, ekonomik sistemi ele\u015ftirme, daha ba\u015fka bir sistemi \u00f6nerme, bunu korkusuzca dile getirme hakk\u0131m olmal\u0131 ve bu hak hi\u00e7bir bi\u00e7imde engellenmemelidir.<\/p>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin \u00fczerinde eylemli bask\u0131lar, yasal engel ve yasaklamalar somut olarak s\u00f6ylersek esasta \u201csiyasal\u201d i\u00e7eriklidir. \u0130stisnalar\u0131 olsa da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi ifade etme \u00fczerindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131klar\u0131n alt\u0131nda egemen g\u00fc\u00e7lerin kendi egemenliklerine y\u00f6nelik ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctmelerin engellenmesi amac\u0131 yatar.<\/p>\n
D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ifade edebilme hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 genellikle, egemen g\u00fc\u00e7lerin y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 kolayca aldatabildi\u011fi ve mali-siyasi b\u00fcy\u00fck krizler ya\u015famad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemler ile krizlerin derinle\u015fti\u011fi, y\u00f6netenlerin y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlardan g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr bi\u00e7imde koptu\u011fu, halk\u0131n yeni aray\u0131\u015flar, farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Ola\u011fan d\u00f6nemlerde \u201ctehlikeli bulunmayan\u201d sadece \u201c\u00e7akt\u0131rmadan takip edilen\u201d ve \u201cbir kenara yaz\u0131lan\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ile o d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri savunanlar ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00f6nemlerde \u201c\u00fclkenin, ulusun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehdit eden\u201d nifak tohumlar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilir. Yasalar yeniden yaz\u0131l\u0131r, uygulamalar daha \u00f6d\u00fcns\u00fcz h\u00e2le getirilir. Halk\u0131n bilincine yo\u011fun bir medya sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilerek korku, biat, kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u0131kk\u0131nl\u0131k, teslimiyet, g\u00fcce tap\u0131nma, ispiyonculuk gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n var olan ve olas\u0131 tepkileri sindirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylesi d\u00f6nemler, ger\u00e7ek ayd\u0131nlarla \u00e7akmalar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 belirginle\u015ftirir. Ayd\u0131n, ayd\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00fcnlerin bug\u00fcnden habercisidir. Bilinci en duru, y\u00fcre\u011fi en temiz insand\u0131r ayd\u0131n. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini her ko\u015fulda dile getirirken farkl\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin de do\u011fru olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6ren; ya\u015fam\u0131n kendisinden, s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131, fark\u0131na vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u015feyden ve herkesten \u00f6\u011frenebilece\u011fi bir \u015feyler oldu\u011funun bilincindeki insand\u0131r. O \u00fcnl\u00fc s\u00f6zde belirtildi\u011fi gibi \u201c\u201cBarika-i hakikat m\u00fcsademe-i efk\u00e2rdan do\u011far.\u201d Yani \u201cGer\u00e7e\u011fin p\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan do\u011far.\u201d<\/p>\n
Ve farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere tahamm\u00fcls\u00fcz olan ki\u015fi siyasal anlamda siyasal iktidar\u0131n\u0131 zul\u00fcmle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek isteyen, ki\u015fisel anlamda ise kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine g\u00fcvenmeyen ya da kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fck oldu\u011funu bilen ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n
20.09.2019<\/p>\n
H. Erg\u00fcn URGAN<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Voltaire\u2019e ait oldu\u011fu yayg\u0131n olarak s\u00f6ylenen ve pek \u00e7ok yaz\u0131da kullan\u0131lan ama baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir s\u00f6z\u00fc Voltaire\u2019in s\u00f6ylemedi\u011fi, bunun 1906\u2019da onun biyografisini yazan EvelynBeatriceHall\u2019un<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1286,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,14],"tags":[38,37,39],"class_list":["post-461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-halil-urgan","category-yazilar","tag-dusunce-ozgurlugu","tag-voltaire","tag-yasaklamalar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=461"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1723,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/461\/revisions\/1723"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}