{"id":6473,"date":"2020-04-08T00:30:07","date_gmt":"2020-04-07T21:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sozbizde.com\/?p=6473"},"modified":"2020-04-08T00:32:20","modified_gmt":"2020-04-07T21:32:20","slug":"6473","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/2020\/04\/08\/6473\/","title":{"rendered":"ROMANLAR 8 N\u0130SANI KORONA KR\u0130Z\u0130NDE VAROLU\u015e \u0130LE KAR\u015eILIYOR"},"content":{"rendered":"

Korona Krizi Romanlar\u0131 Daha A\u011f\u0131r Vurdu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Korona salg\u0131n\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekli\u011fimiz haline gelen sosyal izolasyon g\u00fcnlerinde bu l\u00fcksten yararlanamayan kitlelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik sokaklardan ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayan di\u011fer sokak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131yla beraber at\u0131k toplay\u0131c\u0131, i\u015fportac\u0131, \u00e7i\u00e7ek\u00e7i Romanlar gelmektedir. 8 Nisan D\u00fcnya Romanlar G\u00fcn\u00fcnde de sokaklar\u0131n asli akt\u00f6rleri Romanlar, di\u011fer sokak esnaflar\u0131 gibi Korona salg\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc riske ra\u011fmen evde kal\u0131p a\u00e7 kalmakla soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p vir\u00fcs kapmak aras\u0131ndaki bir ikilemde hayata tutunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Korona Kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Romani Duru\u015f \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Romanlar\u0131n tarih boyunca hikayesine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda hep yerinden yurdundan edilmi\u015f, yurtsuzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ama her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131, ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve horlanmaya ra\u011fmen hayata tutunan bir halk g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bug\u00fcn bile bir\u00e7ok Roman, hala horlanma, d\u0131\u015flanma ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclkelerde hak ve hizmetlerden ya b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ya da k\u0131t kanaat yararlanabilmektedirler.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm Romanlar, kurumlar, STK\u2019lar, politikac\u0131lar\u0131yla ve belediyeleri, muhtarl\u0131klar\u0131, resm\u00ee kurumlar\u0131 ile birlikte. Biny\u0131ll\u0131k g\u00f6\u00e7 tarihi deneyimleri ile korona krizi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fclden yard\u0131m kampanyalar\u0131 ile birlikte. Di\u011fer yoksul mahallerini de imrendirecek bir sahipleni\u015f sergilendi korona felaketi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda. Bu kriz g\u00fcnlerinde ya\u015fananlar\u0131n Roman toplumuna yeni vizyonlar kazand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 ku\u015fkusuz.<\/p>\n

A\u011f\u0131r sosyal ve ekonomik etkileri olan bir krizin ancak birlik, beraberlik ve sosyal dayan\u0131\u015fma ile \u00fcstesinden gelinebilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr bir krizin bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 idame ettirme pani\u011finin yerine sosyal dayan\u0131\u015fma ve kolektif bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesindir.<\/p>\n

As\u0131rlar Boyu Romanca Hayata Tutun<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tarih notlar\u0131nda Romanlar\u0131n ilk defa MS. 400\u2019lerde Hindistan\u2019\u0131n Pen\u00e7ap b\u00f6lgesinden Araplar taraf\u0131ndan esir al\u0131narak Do\u011fu Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa ve sonra 11. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda yine Araplar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6n Asya\u2019dan Balkanlara, Yunanistan\u2019a, Romanya\u2019ya, S\u0131rbistan\u2019a, Transilvanya\u2019ya ve Polonya\u2019ya k\u00f6le olarak sat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 yazmaktad\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun kurulu\u015funda Yeni\u00e7eri ordusunun olu\u015fumunda \u00f6nemli rol oynayan Romanlar, derbent\u00e7iler, atlar\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayanlar olarak an\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. II. Beyaz\u0131t d\u00f6neminde maden i\u015flemedeki, el sanatlar\u0131ndaki yeteneklerini devlet i\u00e7in daha verimli duruma getirmek amac\u0131yla Romanlar vergiden-hara\u00e7tan muaf tutulmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019da Z\u0131rh ve Keman Zanaatkarlar\u0131 ve Otonom Romanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alman Kral\u0131 Sigismund\u2019un 1423’teki Romanlar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 ve K\u0131smi Otonomlu\u011fu hakk\u0131ndaki Ferman\u0131 ile Romanlar ba\u015fka kabilelerin sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 korumaya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve kendi topluluklar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 kendi geleneklerine g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6zmeleri hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sokaklar\u0131n ve kamusal ya\u015fam\u0131n bir\u00e7ok alan\u0131n\u0131n asli akt\u00f6rleri olan Romanlar\u0131n, demiri ve madeni i\u015flemekteki becerileri, el sanatlar\u0131ndaki h\u00fcnerleri ve herkesin yapmakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fleri yapmalar\u0131 sayesinde sorun olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeleri engellenmek istenirken sonu\u00e7 yine de de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Herkesin Yapmakta Zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130\u015fleri Yapan Romanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Romanlara tan\u0131nan bu \u00f6zel haklar sayesinde, soylular Roman m\u00fcziklerinin \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn fark\u0131na varm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde, Romanlar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle alt\u0131n ve demir i\u015flerinde, m\u00fczik aletleri, \u00f6zellikle keman yap\u0131m\u0131nda ve silah \u00fcretimindeki yetenek ve ustal\u0131klar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sokaklar\u0131n ve kamusal ya\u015fam\u0131n bir\u00e7ok alan\u0131n\u0131n asli akt\u00f6rleri olan Romanlar\u0131n, demiri ve madeni i\u015flemekteki becerileri, el sanatlar\u0131ndaki h\u00fcnerleri ve herkesin yapmakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fleri yapmalar\u0131 sayesinde sorun olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmeleri engellenmek isteniyordu. B\u00f6ylece, onlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131bo\u015f ve i\u015fsizlikleri ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan toplum i\u00e7inde yabanc\u0131 ya da \u00f6teki konumunda kalmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilecekti.<\/p>\n

Romanlara Ata Binmek Yasak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Romanlara tan\u0131nan bu haklar yerel halk\u0131n ve kilisenin onlar\u0131 rakip g\u00f6rmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve 1497 y\u0131l\u0131nda Lindau ve Freiburg krall\u0131klar\u0131 Sigismund\u2019un ferman\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funda da benzer bir uygulamaya maruz kalm\u0131\u015flar ve \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Murad 6 Haziran 1585 tarihli ferman\u0131nda, \u015fehir i\u00e7inde ata binmeleri ve belli mahallelerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 yasak olan Romanlar\u0131n bu yasaklara uymamalar\u0131 \u00fczerine, \u201cAta binen K\u0131pt\u00ee\u2019yi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcn\u201d diye buyurmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Roman Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 Porajmos<\/strong><\/p>\n

Romanlar\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 en y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 zul\u00fcm, II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Nazi zulm\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk hedefleri olduklar\u0131nda meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Roman ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ve aktivist Ian Hancock\u2019un ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, Porajmos (Roman k\u0131y\u0131m\u0131 veya \u00c7ingene soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131) toplama kamplar\u0131nda ve di\u011fer imha yollar\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrupa\u2019da tahmini 1,5-2 milyon Roman katledilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

4 Nisan 1980\u2019de, Holokosttan kurtulan Jakob Bamberger, Hans Braun, Ranco Brandtner ve Franz Wirbel’in de aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu on iki Sinti, Roman Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Evanjelik Kilisesi’nde a\u00e7l\u0131k grevine ba\u015flad\u0131. “\u015eans\u00f6lye Helmut Schmidt’in 17 Mart 1982’de Sinti ve Roma soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mas\u0131 \u00f6nerisini Almanya Federal H\u00fck\u00fcmeti kabul etti.<\/p>\n

Roman K\u00fcresel \u00d6rg\u00fctlenme Tarih\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk D\u00fcnya Roman Kongresi 8 Nisan 1971 tarihinde Londra\u2019da 9 \u00fclkeden gelen 23 delegenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla topland\u0131. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7ingene Komitesi ad\u0131 i\u00e7indeki \u00c7ingene s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u015fa\u011f\u0131lay\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131 ve Uluslararas\u0131 Roman Komitesi ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. Bu kongrede “\u00c7ingene” veya “\u00c7ingene” gibi ayr\u0131mc\u0131 terimlerin yerine “Roma” kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi ve bir Roma bayra\u011f\u0131 ve mar\u015f\u0131 Roman sivil haklar hareketinin iki \u00f6nemli sembol\u00fc haline geldi. Uluslararas\u0131 Roman Komitesi 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda,15. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan bu yana zul\u00fcm edilmi\u015f bir millet olarak Romanlar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Komisyonu\u2019na ba\u015fvurdu..<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Roman G\u00fcn\u00fc 8 Nisan 1971<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk Uluslararas\u0131 Roman G\u00fcn\u00fc, 8 Nisan 1971’de Londra’da toplanan ilk Uluslararas\u0131 Romanlar Birli\u011finin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi sivil haklar hareketinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 anmak amac\u0131yla 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda 14 \u00fclkeden (Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan ve bir\u00e7ok Sovyet Cumhuriyeti) 23 temsilcinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla Polonya’n\u0131n Serock kentinde Romanlarla ilgili k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sosyal konular\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere toplanan D\u00fcnya Romani Kongresinde ilan edildi. Bu kongrede ilk Roman Kongresinin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihi g\u00fcn olan 8 Nisan (1971) D\u00fcnya Roman Eylem G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korona Krizi Romanlar\u0131 Daha A\u011f\u0131r Vurdu Korona salg\u0131n\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekli\u011fimiz haline gelen sosyal izolasyon g\u00fcnlerinde bu l\u00fcksten yararlanamayan kitlelerin ba\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik sokaklardan ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flayan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6474,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1011,10,1010],"class_list":["post-6473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-8-nisan","tag-izmir","tag-romanlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6473"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6477,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6473\/revisions\/6477"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6474"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsiv.sozbizde.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}